Composite material is a new material that people use advanced material preparation technology to optimize the combination of material components with different properties. Composite materials are generally defined to meet the following conditions:
(i) composite materials must be man-made, materials that people design and manufacture according to their needs;
(ii) The composite material must be composed of two or more material components with different chemical and physical properties in the designed form, proportion and distribution, and there is a clear interface between the components;
(iii) It has structural designability and can be designed for composite structures;
(iv) The composite material not only maintains the advantages of the properties of each component material, but also obtains comprehensive properties that cannot be achieved by a single component material through the complementarity and correlation of the properties of each component.
The matrix materials of composite materials are divided into two categories: metal and non-metal. Commonly used metal substrates are aluminum, magnesium, copper, titanium and their alloys. Non-metallic substrates mainly include synthetic resin, rubber, ceramics, graphite, carbon, etc. Reinforcing materials mainly include glass fiber, carbon fiber, boron fiber, aramid fiber, silicon carbide fiber, asbestos fiber, whisker, and metal.
